色心形成
宽带隙半导体中的色心与量子技术密切相关,它们可用于产生单光子源,或作为自旋量子比特应用于量子传感领域。飞秒激光写入技术能够在碳化硅(SiC)和氮化镓(GaN)中形成与空位相关的色心,从而产生从可见光到红外范围的光致发光。
色心的形成过程涉及点缺陷或点缺陷簇,这些缺陷与普通透明材料中捕获的电子或空穴相关。当缺陷的电子基态通过吸收激光能量被激发到更高能态时,这些色心会使固体呈现出颜色。
皇家墨尔本理工大学的科学家使用波长为 515 nm、脉冲持续时间为 230 fs的 PHAROS 激光器,在碳化硅中制备出了大量硅空位缺陷阵列,这些缺陷的定位精度高达 500 nm 的共聚焦衍射极限,且对材料的损伤极小。形成的色心数量与激光制造能量呈幂律关系,这表明光致电离是产生色心的原因。色心阵列在量子应用中起着至关重要的作用。
CARBIDE 和 PHAROS 飞秒激光器均可用于在宽带隙半导体中生成色心。
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色心形成
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