拉曼显微镜
振动成像具有化学特异性,这在生物显微镜、制药和材料科学领域十分有用,尤其适用于其他显微镜技术结果模糊且无法使用标记的场景。自发拉曼散射显微镜虽灵敏度高,但成像速度较慢。然而,其非线性替代技术 —— 相干反斯托克斯拉曼散射(CARS)和受激拉曼散射(SRS)—— 可用于高速、高灵敏度的无标记振动成像。
在相干反斯托克斯拉曼散射(CARS)显微镜中,两束光借助样品的振动能级产生第三波长的辐射。产生的 CARS 信号处于不同波长,通常无背景干扰,因此探测相对简单。但 CARS 会扭曲振动谱线形状,且存在非共振信号成分,这使化学归属变得复杂。SRS 则无这些缺点,但其信号是入射光束上的微小调制,需要复杂的探测方案。
CRONUS-2P 是一款飞秒激光器,可同时提供三路同步输出,具有高重复频率、高输出功率、短脉冲持续时间和群延迟色散(GDD)控制功能,是非线性显微镜的理想光源。其中两路输出可在 680–960 nm 和 940–1300 nm 范围内独立调谐,第三路输出固定在 1025 nm。这三路同步输出支持先进的 CARS 和 SRS 应用,包括双波段成像、更广泛的振动共振频率选择、恒定差双光束调谐、共振增强等。

CARS images of flowing PS and PMMA beads, acquired using CRONUS-2P. The bottom images show a time course of a selected area as indicated with 1 s intervals to exemplify the flow. The white dashed line is for motion reference.
DOI: 10.1002/jrs.6671

(a) Spontaneous Raman and SRS spectra of polymeric materials, normalized with the molecule of interest maximum peak. (b) SRS images of dyed and un-dyed PS beads. Images were recorded using CRONUS-2P.
DOI: 10.1063/5.0171725

(a) Imaging of nuclei of AZ568 stained, fixed HeLa cells with SRS (red) and fluorescence (green). (b) SRS and spontaneous Raman spectrum (at 488 nm) of 1 mM solution of AZ568 in DMSO-d6. (c) Structure of β-carotene. (d) β-Carotene spectrum recorded with SRS and spontaneous Raman. (e) Spectral focusing spectrum of β-carotene solution in DMSO-d6. The images were recorded using CRONUS-2P.
DOI: 10.1063/5.0171725
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